Mitosis



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The cell grows in order to start mitosis. It makes copies of all its organelles. It is split into three stages. G1 when it copies organelles. S Phase is when it synthesizes DNA, and G2 is when it makes more organelles.

Chromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and becomes visible in the light microscope as chromosomes. The nuclear envelope disappears. Centrioles start moving toward the poles of the cell and spindles come out of them to hook on to the centromeres.



The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell nucleus on the metaphase plate and get ready to be separated.

The spindles connected to the chromosomes pull the paired chromosomes apart and toward the two poles of the cell.



Chromatids arrive at opposite poles of cell, and new membranes form around the daughter nuclei, forming two nucleases.



The two cells completely pull apart and now are two different cells.



Uncontrollable cell growth (happens in the first growth phase - G1) with no where for the extra cells to go.

To test for cancer, a biopsy is done. Cells are extracted from the tumor in this procedure to determine whether or not the cell is cancerous.



**Benign** - The cells in the lump are not cancerous
 * Malignant** - Cancerous tumor that will rupture into the blood stream and travel throughout the body
 * Metastasized** - The cancer has spread throughout the body
 * Nanotechnology** - The process of targeting cancer
 * Carcinogen** - A cancer-causing agent
 * Leukemia** - Caner of the white blood cells

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